A 101
In January l981, in the ------- of the Iran-Iraq War, oil giant Exxon announced that it would pour $11 billion into investment and exploration in overseas markets.
(A) wake (B) make (C) sake (D) take
1981 年一月,兩伊戰爭過後,石油巨擘埃克森公司宣稱將投入高達110 億美元於海外市場的投資及勘查。
理由
a. 本句測試下列固定片語:
in the wake of… 尾隨……而至,繼……之後
例: In the wake of the hurricane, buildings lay in ruins.
(颶風過後,大樓倒塌成斷垣殘壁。)
b. 根據上述,(A) 應為正選。
c. (B) 項的 make 作名詞時,表『品牌』。
例: Foreign makes of cars are usually expensive than local ones.
(外國品牌的車通常要比本地品牌貴。)
(C) 項的 sake 作名詞時,表『理由』,常用於下列片語中:
for the sake of… 為了……起見∕緣故
例: Frank moved his family to America for the sake of his son’s education.
(為了兒子的教育問題,法蘭克全家搬到美國。)
(D) 項的 take 作名詞時,表『拍攝』電視或電影的某一個鏡頭。
例: The actor got the scene right on the second take.
(這名演員在第二次拍攝這個場景時才演好。)
以上 (B)、(C)、(D) 置入空格內時皆不合語意,故不可選。
其他重點:
1. giant [ `djZIJnt ] n. 巨人;大公司 & a. 巨大的
例: IBM is a giant in the computer industry.
(IBM 是電腦業的大公司。)
The giant redwood trees in California are very beautiful.
(加州巨大的紅木很漂亮。)
2. pour [ pOr ] vt. 大量投入
pour A into B 將 A 大量投入 B
例: Investors poured money into a new company.
(投資人把錢投入了一家新公司。)
3. investment [ In`vEstmJnt ] n. 投資
4. exploration [ :EksplJ`reSJn ] n. 勘查
B 102
For many middle-aged people, when it comes to ------- for retirement, they are not quite sure about how much money they should save and spend.
(A) prepare (B) preparing (C) prepared (D) prepares
對許多中年人而言,談到準備退休時,他們不太確定應存款多少、花費多少。
理由
a. 本句測試下列固定句型:
When it comes to + N/V-ing 說到……
= Speaking of + N/V-ing
* 此處的 to 及 of 皆為介詞,故之後須接名詞或動名詞作受詞。
例: When it comes to singing, none beats John.
= Speaking of singing, none beats John.
(說到唱歌,沒人比得過約翰。)
When it comes to music, John is in the know.
= Speaking of music, John is in the know.
(說到音樂,約翰很內行。)
b. 根據上述,(B) 應為正選。
其他重點:
1. middle-aged [ `mIdL:edjd ] a. 中年的
2. retirement [ rI`tZIrmJnt ] n. 退休
3. prepare for… 為……做準備
例: Tom is preparing for the upcoming finals.
(湯姆正在準備即將到來的期末考。)
C 103
Dell, one of the biggest computer makers, decided to lay off ------- 8,000 employees over the next year as part of an ongoing restructuring project.
(A) several (B) a few (C) some (D) a lot
最大的電腦製造商之一戴爾公司決定於明年解僱約 8,000 名員工,以之為進行中重建計劃的一部份。
理由
a. 本句測試表『大約』的副詞,之後接明確的數字:
approximately +數字 大約……,若干……
= around + 數字
= about + 數字
= some + 數字
例: I have approximately five hundred dollars in my pocket.
(我口袋裡大概有 500 元。)
b. 根據上述,原句空格後有明確數字 8,000,得知空格內應置副詞 some(大約),合乎語意及用法,故 (C) 為正選。
c. 注意:
some 也可作形容詞,表『一些』,之後接複數可數名詞或不可數名詞。
例: I believe you still owe me some money.
(我認為你還欠我一些錢。)
Some friends are coming to visit me today.
(今天有些朋友會來看我。)
d. (A) several + 複數可數名詞 一些……
例: I’m going to stay here for several days.
(我即將在這兒待上個幾天。)
(B) a few + 複數可數名詞 一些……(數量比 several 少一點)
例: Tom has a few friends.
(湯姆有一些朋友。)
(D) a lot of + 複數可數名詞∕不可數名詞 許多……
例: A lot of friends are coming to see me today.
= Many friends are coming to see me today.
= Quite a few friends are coming to see me today.
(很多朋友今天要來看我。)
Don’t worry! We still have a lot of time.
(別擔心!我們還有時間。)
上述 (A)、(B)、(D) 置入空格後不合語意及文法,故不可選。
其他重點:
1. lay off… 解僱∕裁員……
例: Tom’s father was laid off last week.
(湯姆的父親上星期被解僱了。)
2. ongoing [ `an:goIG ] a. 進行中的
例: There is an ongoing debate on legalized gambling.
(有關賭博合法化的辯論目前仍持續進行中。)
3. restructuring [ ri`strVktSJrIG ] n. 重組
C 104
It is very important for a manager to keep employees ------- of what's going on in the business, both internally and externally.
(A) informing (B) to inform (C) informed (D) informs
經理有必要讓員工了解公司內部及外部的營運情況。
理由
a. 本句測試下列固定句構:
keep sb informed of… 將……的情形隨時告知某人
* 以上句構中,keep 表『將某人保持成……的狀態』。informed 為過去分詞,視為形容詞,作受詞補語,譯成『被告知的』。
例: Please keep me informed of any developments.
(有任何發展請隨時告知我。)
b. 根據上述,空格內應置過去分詞 informed ,故 (C) 應為正選。
c. inform 有下列兩種句構:
inform sb + that 子句 告知某人……
inform sb of sth 告知某人某事
例: A notice informed the guests that formal dress was required.
(一份告示通知賓客必須穿正式的禮服。)
Please inform us of any change in our trip schedule.
(行程計劃如有任何變動請通知我們。)
其他重點:
1. internally [ In`tRnLI ] adv. 內部地
2. externally [ Ik`stRnLI ] adv. 外部地
A 105
Simply put, things normally go wrong not because you are stupid ------- because you have never thought about them carefully.
(A) but (B) just (C) since (D) for
簡言之,事情出錯一般並不是因為你笨,而是因為你從未仔細思考。
理由
a. 本句測試下列固定句構:
not…but… 不是……而是……
* “not…but…”視為對等連接詞,可連接對等的名詞、形容詞、介詞片語
或子句。
1) 名詞
例: She is not a teacher but a student.
(她不是老師,而是學生。)
2) 形容詞
例: She is not ugly but beautiful.
(她不醜,而是很美。)
3) 介詞片語
例: She doesn’t work in Taipei but in Taichung.
(她不是在台北工作,而是在台中。)
4) 子句
例: She failed the test not because she was stupid but because she didn’t study.
(她沒考及格不是因為她笨,而是因為她沒唸書。)
b. 根據上述,原句空格前第一個由 because 引導的副詞子句之前有 not,得知空格應置 but,以連接第二個由 because 引導的副詞子句,形成對等且合乎語意,故 (A) 應為正選。
其他重點:
Simply put,… 簡言之,……
= To put it simply,…
例: Simply put, I’m the best shooter on this basketball team.
(簡言之,我是這支籃球隊裡最強的射手。)
D 106
Mr. Wilson finds ------- useful to hold a staff meeting twice a week because it helps improve the efficiency of the company.
(A) that (B) those (C) these (D) it
威爾森先生認為每星期舉辦兩次員工會議很有效,因為這個做法有助於改善公司的效率。
理由
a. 本句測試下列固定句構:
find it + 形容詞∕名詞 + to V 認為……是……
think
consider
* 上列句構中這 3 個動詞均視為不完全及物動詞,之後的代名詞 it 作虛受詞,以代替之後的不定詞片語,此不定詞片語才是真正的受詞。it 之後接形容詞或名詞作受詞補語。
例: I find it necessary to study English.
形容詞
(我認為唸英文是必要的。)
I think it a must to learn about history.
名詞
(我認為了解歷史有其必要。)
b. 原句空格後有形容詞 useful(有用的)作補語,之後又有不定詞片語 to hold a staff meeting twice a week(每星期舉辦兩次員工會議),得知空格應置代名詞 it ,故 (D) 應為正選。
其他重點:
1. improve [ Im`pruv ] vt. & vi. 改進,改善
例: The course is designed to improve your writing skills.
(這堂課旨在提升你的寫作技巧。)
2. efficiency [ J`fISJnsI ] n. 效率
efficient [ J`fISJnt ] a. 有效率的
例: Many customers are impressed by the efficiency of our company.
(許多客戶對我們公司的效率印象深刻。)
We need more efficient methods of collecting data.
(我們需要更有效率的蒐集資料方法。)
B 107
Some experts believe that the overheating of the Chinese stock market is a structural problem that will be ------- by developing more financial products.
(A) strengthened (B) resolved (C) upgraded (D) compensated
若干專家認為中國股市的過熱是個結構性的問題,這個問題將藉由開發更多的金融產品來解決。
理由
a. (A) strengthen [ `strEGHJn ] vt. 鞏固;加強
例: We’re looking forward to strengthening links with local trade unions.
(我們正期待加強與地方商業工會之間的關係。)
(B) resolve [ rI`zalv ] vt. 解決
resolve a problem 解決問題
= solve a problem
例: The dispute was finally resolved through negotiations.
(他們的糾紛最後透過協商獲得解決。)
(C) upgrade [ Vp`gred ] vt. 升級,提升
例: Could you show me how to upgrade my hard drive?
(你能不能教我如何將硬碟升級?)
(D) compensate [ `kampJn:set ] vi. 彌補(與介詞 for 並用)
compensate for… 彌補……
= make up for…
例: Jessica’s hard work compensates for her lack of experience.
(潔西卡的努力彌補了她經驗上的不足。)
b. 根據語意及用法, (B) 應為正選。
其他重點:
1. expert [ `EkspKt ] n. 專家
2. overheating [ `ovK:hitIG ] n. 過熱
3. structural [ `strVktSJrJl ] a. 結構上的
structure [ `strVktSK ] n. 結構
例: Many firms have slimmed down and changed their corporate structures.
(許多公司紛紛削減規模並改變企業結構。)
4. financial [ fZI`nAnSJl ] a. 金融的
D 108
Even today, the general manager still has no idea ------- John Woods, one of the most competent staff members, resigned last week.
(A) what (B) where (C) while (D) why
即使在今日,總經理還是不知道為什麼一位最能幹的員工約翰‧伍玆上星期辭職了。
理由
a. have no idea(不知道),之後須接以疑問詞引導的名詞子句。
例: I have no idea where he lives.
= I don’t know where he lives.
(我不知道他住哪兒。)
I have no idea what he is going to do.
= I don’t know what he is going to do.
(我不知道他要做什麼。)
b. 由上得知空格應置疑問詞,以引導之後的名詞子句。選項中僅 (A)、(B)、(D) 為疑問詞,又根據語意,(D) 項的 why(為什麼)應為正選。
c. (A) what 為疑問代名詞,表『什麼』,在所引導的名詞子句中作主詞或及物動詞的受詞。
例: I don’t know what happened last night.
主詞
(我不知道昨晚發生了什麼事。)
I don’t understand what he just said.
及物動詞的受詞
(他剛說的我不太懂。)
* 此處因為已有主詞 John Woods 且有不及物動詞 resigned(辭職) ,故 what 不可選。
(C) where 為疑問詞,表『在哪兒』。
例: I don’t know where he lives.
(我不知道他住在哪兒。)
* 此處不合語意,故不可選。
其他重點:
competent [ `kampJtJnt ] a. 勝任的
be competent for… 有能力做……
= be cut out for…
例: I don’t think the young man is competent for the job.
(我認為這個小夥子無法勝任這份工作。)
C 109
Mexico's Televisa network, known around the world ------- its soap operas, said it plans to expand its influence in China.
(A) as (B) to (C) for (D) with
墨西哥電訊電視網因肥皂劇而聞名世界,該電視網宣稱,他們計劃擴大在中國的影響力。
理由
a. known 為 know 的過去分詞,可作形容詞用,表『知名的』。 有以下兩種句構:
be known for… 因……而出名
= be famous for…
be known as… 因某身分出名
= be famous as…
例: Mr. Johnson is known for his musical talent.
(強森先生因為他的音樂天賦而出名。)
Mr. Johnson is known as a great musician.
(強森先生是知名的偉大音樂家。)
b. 根據語意,(C) 應為正選。
其他重點:
1. network [ `nEt:wRk ] n. 電視網;廣播網
2. soap opera [ `sop :apJrJ ] n. 肥皂劇
3. expand [ Ik`spAnd ] vt. & vi. 擴大,拓展
例: We’ve expanded our business by opening two more restaurants lately.
(我們最近擴大營業,新開了兩家餐廳。)
D 110
As we are running out of time, I urge that everyone team up and get the project finished no ------- than Friday.
(A) lateness (B) late (C) lately (D) later
我們已經沒什麼時間了,所以我呼籲大家團結一致,最遲在星期五之前把這個案子完成。
理由
a. 本句測試下列固定句構:
no later than + 明確時間 最遲在……之前
= by + 明確時間
例: You’ve got to finish the work no later than three o’clock this afternoon.
= You’ve got to finish the work by three o’clock this afternoon.
(諸位最晚必須在今天下午 3 點以前把工作完成。)
b. 根據上述, (D) 應為正選。
c. (A) lateness [ `letnIs ] n. 遲到,晚到
例: They apologized for the lateness of the train.
(他們為了列車的誤點而道歉。)
(B) late [ let ] a. 遲的,晚的 & adv. 遲到地,晚地
be late for school 上學遲到
= go to school late
例: He was late for the meeting.
(他開會遲到了。)
John came to the party late and missed the most exciting part.
(約翰派對來晚了,錯過最精采的部分。)
(C) lately [ `letlI ] adv. 最近地(常與現在完成式並用)
例: I’ve been quite busy lately.
= I’ve been quite busy of late.
= I’ve been quite busy recently.
(我最近很忙。)